(Award is announced in April of a given year
for works published the previous year.
A book published in 1997 would win the 1998 award.)

Fiction:
1923-- ONE OF OURS by Willa Cather (Knopf)
1945-- A BELL FOR ADANO by John Hersey (Knopf)
1951-- THE TOWN by Conrad Richter (Knopf)
1965-- THE KEEPERS OF THE HOUSE by Shirley Ann Grau (Knopf)
1979-- THE STORIES OF JOHN CHEEVER by John Cheever (Knopf)
1982-- RABBIT IS RICH by John Updike (Knopf)
1987-- A SUMMONS TO MEMPHIS by Peter Taylor (Knopf)
1988-- BELOVED by Toni Morrison (Knopf)
1989-- BREATHING LESSONS by Anne Tyler (Knopf)
1991-- RABBIT AT REST by John Updike (Knopf)
1992-- A THOUSAND ACRES by Jane Smiley (Knopf)
1996-- INDEPENDENCE DAY by Richard Ford (Knopf)

History:
1956-- THE AGE OF REFORM by Richard Hofstadter (Knopf)
1962-- THE TRIUMPHANT EMPIRE by Lawrence H. Gipson (Knopf)
1967-- EXPLORATION AND EMPIRE by William H. Goetzmann (Knopf)
1973-- PEOPLE OF PARADOX by Michael Kammen (Knopf)
1980-- BEEN IN THE STORM SO LONG by Leon F. Litwack (Knopf)
1987-- VOYAGERS TO THE WEST by Bernard Bailyn (Knopf)
1988-- LAUNCHING OF MODERN AMERICAN SCIENCE by Robert V. Bruce (Knopf)
1991-- A MIDWIFE'S TALE by Laurel Thatcher Ulrich (Knopf)
1993-- THE RADICALISM OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION by Gordon S. Wood(Knopf)
1996-- WILLIAM COOPER'S TOWN by Alan Taylor (Knopf)
1997-- ORIGINAL MEANINGS by Jack N. Rakove (Knopf)

Biography or Autobiography:
1927-- WHITMAN: AN INTERPRETATION IN NARRATIVE by Emory Holloway(Knopf)
1944-- THE AMERICAN LEONARDO by Carleton Mabee (Knopf)
1945-- GEORGE BANCROFT: BRAHMIN REBEL by Russell Blaine Nye (Knopf)
1946-- SON OF THE WILDERNESS by Linny March Wolfe (Knopf)
1950-- JOHN QUINCY ADAMS & FOUNDATIONS OF AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY by Samuel Flag Bemis (Knopf)
1961-- CHARLES SUMNER AND THE COMING OF THE CIVIL WAY by David Donald (Knopf)
1970-- HUEY LONG by T. Harry Williams (Knopf)
1975-- THE POWER BROKER by Robert A. Caro (Knopf)
1981-- PETER THE GREAT by Robert K. Massie (Knopf)
1986-- LOUISE BOGAN: A PORTRAIT by Elizabeth Frank (Knopf)
1989-- OSCAR WILDE by Richard Ellman (Knopf)
1996-- GOD: A BIOGRAPHY by Jack Miles (Knopf)
1998-- PERSONAL HISTORY by Katharine Graham (Knopf)

Poetry:
1927-- FIDDLER'S FAREWELL by Leonora Speyer (Knopf)
1934-- COLLECTED VERSE by Robert Hillyer (Knopf)
1955-- COLLECTED POEMS by Wallace Stevens (Knopf)
1960-- HEART'S NEEDLE by W.D. Snodgrass (Knopf)
1988-- PARTIAL ACCOUNTS by William Meredith (Knopf)
1991-- NEAR CHANGES by Mona Van Duyn (Knopf)
1995-- THE SIMPLE TRUTH by Philip Levine (Knopf)
1999-- BLIZZARD OF ONE by Mark Strand (Knopf)

General Nonfiction:
1964-- ANTIÐINTELLECTUALISM IN AMERICAN LIFE by Richard Hofstadter (Knopf)
1981-- FINÐDEÐSIECLE VIENNA by Carl E. Schorske (Knopf)
1985-- THE GOOD WAR by Studs Terkel (Pantheon)
1986-- COMMON GROUND by J. Anthony Lukas (Knopf)
1995-- THE BEAK OF THE FINCH by Jonathan Weiner (Knopf)
1997-- ASHES TO ASHES by Richard Kluger (Knopf)

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NATIONAL BOOK AWARD WINNERS

(Established in 1950, with only three categories.
For a time, beginning in 1980, they were called the American Book Awards,
with various categories added and dropped over several years.
Now administered by the National Book Foundation.)

FICTION
1999-- WAITING by Ha Jin (Pantheon)
1992-- ALL THE PRETTY HORSES by Cormac McCarthy (Knopf)
1991-- MATING by Norman Rush (Knopf)
1989-- SPARTINA by John Casey (Knopf)
1982-- RABBIT IS RICH by John Updike (Knopf)
1981-- (First Novel category) SISTER WOLF by Ann Arensberg (Knopf)
1981-- STORIES OF JOHN CHEEVER by John Cheever (Vintage paperback)
1980-- (First Novel category) BIRDY by William Wharton (Knopf)
1976-- JR by William Gaddis (Knopf)
1964-- THE CENTAUR by John Updike (Knopf)
1962-- THE MOVIEGOER by Walker Percy (Knopf)
1961-- THE WATERS OF KRONOS by Conrad Richter (Knopf)

NONFICTION
1997-- AMERICAN SPHINX by Joseph Ellis (Knopf)
1994-- HOW WE DIE by Sherwin B. Nuland (Knopf)
1985-- COMMON GROUND by J. Anthony Lukas (Knopf)
1981-- CHINA MEN by Maxine Hong Kingston (Knopf)

POETRY
1991-- WHAT WORK IS by Philip Levine (Knopf)
1972-- COLLECTED POEMS by Frank O'Hara (Knopf)
1964-- SELECTED POEMS by John Crowe Ransom (Knopf)
1955-- COLLECTED POEMS OF WALLACE STEVENS (Knopf)
1951-- THE AURORAS OF AUTUMN by Wallace Stevens (Knopf)

BIOGRAPHY AND AUTOBIOGRAPHY
1982-- WALTER LIPPMANN AND THE AMERICAN CENTURY by Ronald Steel (Vintage paperback)
1980-- BY MYSELF by Lauren Bacall (Knopf)
1974Ð- MACAULEY: THE SHAPING OF THE HISTORIAN by John Clive (Knopf)
(Also won the History category in the same year)

CURRENT INTEREST
1980-- JULIA CHILD AND MORE COMPANY by Julia Child (Knopf)

CONTEMPORARY THOUGHT
1977-- THE USES OF ENCHANTMENT by Bruno Bettelheim (Knopf)

CONTEMPORARY AFFAIRS
1975-- ALL GOD'S DANGERS: THE LIFE OF NATE SHAW by Theodore Rosengarten (Knopf)

HISTORY
1982-- VOICES OF PROTEST by Alan Brinkley (Knopf)
1981-- BEEN IN THE STORM SO LONG by Leon F. Litwack (Vintage paperback)
1980-- A DISTANT MIRROR by Barbara W. Tuchman (Ballantine paperback)
1974-- MACAULEY: THE SHAPING OF THE HISTORIAN by John Clive (Knopf)
(Also won the Bioigraphy category in the same year)
1967-- (History and Biography category) THE ENLIGHTENMENT by Peter Gay (Knopf)
1970-- (History and Biography category) HUEY LONG by Harry T. Williams (Knopf)

TRANSLATION
1972-- JACQUES MONOD'S CHANCE AND NECESSITY. Austryn Wainhouse (Knopf)
1967-- JULIO CORTARZAR'S HOPSCOTCH. Gregory Rabassa (Pantheon)

ARTS AND LETTERS
1965-- THE OYSTERS OF LOCMARIAQUER (Pantheon)

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NATIONAL BOOK CRITICS CIRCLE AWARD WINNERS

Biography and Autobiography
1995-- Robert Polito, SAVAGE ART: A Biography of Jim Thompson (Knopf)
1993-- Edmund White, GENET (Knopf)
1990-- Robert A. Caro, MEANS OF ASCENT: The Years of Lyndon Johnson Vol. II (Knopf)
1988-- Richard Ellman, OSCAR WILDE (Knopf)

General Nonfiction
1999-- Jonathan Weiner, TIME, LOVE, MEMORY (Knopf)
1996-- Jonathan Raban, BAD LAND (Pantheon)
1994-- Lynn H. Nicholas, THE RAPE OF EUROPA: The Fate of Europe's Treasures in the Third Reich and the Second World War (Knopf)
1993-- Alan Lomax, THE LAND WHERE THE BLUES BEGAN (Pantheon)
1986-- John W. Dower, WAR WITHOUT MERCY: Race and Power in the Pacific War (Pantheon)
1985-- J. Anthony Lukas, COMMON GROUND: A Turbulent Decade in the Lives of Three American Families (Knopf)
1982-- Robert A. Caro, THE PATH OF POWER: The Years of Lyndon Johnson (Knopf)
1976-- Maxine Hong Kingston, THE WOMAN WARRIOR: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts (Knopf)

Fiction
1998-- Alice Munro, THE LOVE OF A GOOD WOMAN (Knopf)
1993-- Ernest J. Gaines, A LESSON BEFORE DYING (Knopf)
1992-- Cormac McCarthy, ALL THE PRETTY HORSES (Knopf)
1991-- Jane Smiley, A THOUSAND ACRES (Knopf)
1990-- John Updike, RABBIT AT REST (Knopf)
1989-- E.L. Doctorow, BILLY BATHGATE (RH)
1985-- Anne Tyler, THE ACCIDENTAL TOURIST (Knopf)
1981-- John Updike, RABBIT IS RICH (Knopf)
1978-- John Cheever, THE STORIES OF JOHN CHEEVER (Knopf)
1977-- Toni Morrison, SONG OF SOLOMON (Knopf)
1976-- John Gardener, OCTOBER LIGHT (Knopf)

Poetry
1986-- Edward Hirsch, WILD GRATITUDE (Knopf)
1984-- Sharon Olds, THE DEAD AND THE LIVING (Knopf)
1982-- Katha Pollitt, ANTARCTIC TRAVELER (Knopf)

Criticism
2000-- Cynthia Ozick, QUARREL & QUANDRY (Knopf)
1996-- William Gass, FINDING A FORM (Knopf)
1989-- John Clive, NOT BY FACT ALONE: Essays on the Writing and Reading of History (Knopf)
1987-- Edwin Denby, DANCE WRITINGS Edited by Robert Cornfield and William MacKay (Knopf)
1983-- John Updike, HUGGING THE SHORE: Essays and Criticism (Knopf)
1976-- Bruno Bettelheim, THE USES OF ENCHANTMENT: The Meaning and Importance of Fairy Tales (Knopf)

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NOBEL LAUREATES

1999-- Gunter Grass, German (Pantheon)
1998--Amartya Sen (Knopf)-- Economic Science
1993-- Toni Morrison, US (Knopf)
1991-- Nadine Gordimer, South African
1986-- Elie Wiesel (Peace Prize) Knopf
1982-- Alva Myrdal, Sweden (Pantheon)-- Peace Prize
1982-- Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Colombian-Mexican (Knopf)
1980-- Czeslaw Milosz, Polish-US (Knopf)
1975-- Andrei Sakharov, Soviet Union (Knopf)-- Peace Prize
1974-- Gunnar Myrdal, Sweden (Pantheon)-- Economics
1972-- Heinrich Boll, German (Knopf)
1968-- Yasunari Kawabata, Japanese (Knopf)
1966-- S. Y. Agnon, Israel (Schocken)
1965-- Francois Jacob, France (Pantheon)-- Medicine
1965-- Mikhail Sholokhov, Russian (Knopf)
1964-- Jean-Paul Sartre, French (Knopf & Pantheon)-- Prize declined
1961-- Ivo Andric, Yugoslavian (Knopf)
1958-- Boris Pasternak, Russian (Pantheon)-- Prize declined
1957-- Albert Camus, French (Knopf)
1955-- Halldor K. Laxness, Icelandic (Knopf)
1947-- Andre Gide, French (Knopf)
1944-- Johannes V. Jensen, Danish (Knopf)
1939-- Frans E. Sillanpaa, Finnish (Knopf)
1933-- Ivan A. Bunin, French (Knopf)
1929-- Thomas Mann, German (Knopf)
1928-- Sigrid Undset, Norwegian (Knopf)
1924-- Wladyslaw S. Reymont, Polish (Knopf)
1920-- Knut Hamsun, Norwegian (Knopf)
1916-- Verner von Heidenstam, Sweden (Knopf)